When old habits die easy

Some say it's tough to break a habit.

A behavior so ingrained in our mental infrastructure that it's automatic.

But new research says that maybe it's not so tough when new shines enlight on an alternative.

---> But new research says maybe it's not so tough when you shine some light on an alternative. 

Turns out that small part of the brains preferent cortex that infer limbic cortex is key to seemingly inflexible habitual behavior.

---> Turns out that a small part of the brain’s prefrontal cortex—the infralimbic cortex—is key to seemingly inflexible, habitual behavior.

Scientists trained rats to run amazed by using more rewards eventually the rats ran amazed without any reward. Or even when being punished by completeness with the drinks that made them naucious.

---> Scientists trained rats to run a maze by using rewards. Eventually the rats ran the maze without any reward, or even when being punished by completing it with a drink that made them nauseous. 

So running amazed in a certain direction had become a habit.

---> So running the maze in a certain direction had become a habit. 

The scientist then used what's called obtogenetics that procedure uses light to stimulate or inhibit specific brain areas, and used obtogenetic to turn off the small brain area involved in forming habits.

---> The scientists then used what’s called optogenetics—a procedure that uses light to stimulate or inhibit specific brain areas—to turn “off” this small brain area involved in forming habits.

Within seconds the rats stop running amazed in the direction gave them equal rewards.

---> Within seconds the rats stopped running the maze in the direction that gave them the icky reward. 

The scientists know that the silence in the neuron that brain area allow the rats to have more cognitive control over their supposedly reflexive habit running in that one direction.

---> The scientists note that silencing the neurons in that brain area allowed the rats to have more cognitive control over their supposedly reflexive habit of running in that one direction.

And hopefully show that old haits can die easy.

---> And to hopefully show that old habits can die easy.

출처: 60-second Mind 팟캐스트

http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=when-old-habits-die-easy-12-11-25

+ prefrontal cortex: 전전두엽

대뇌 피질 중 전두엽의 앞부분. 결정, 계획 등 executive function 관장하는 것으로 추측됨.

+ infralimbic cortex: 변연계 아래 피질 (IL)

참고: 뇌간-변연계-대뇌피질 3중구조. 

변연계는 동기와 정서을 관장함. 해마, 편연피질 등이 포함됨. 

학습, 기억을 담당하는 해마에 문제가 생기면 피질이 그러한 기능 일부 하게 된다고 함.

+ optogenetics 광유전자학

optical technology used to form images of genetically targeted proteins or neurons

최근 광유전자학 기술을 이용해 가짜 기억을 심는 연구 성공. 

+ nauseous 역겨운 / maze 미로 / icky (끈적끈적하게) 기분 나쁜

네이버지식백과, KISTI 미리안 글로벌동향브리핑, 다음블로그, 네이버블로그, SBS뉴스 참고.

http://navercast.naver.com/contents.nhn?rid=133&contents_id=6938

http://ksleens.blog.me/40189361339

http://blog.daum.net/ssu42th/140

http://blog.naver.com/kytong3202?Redirect=Log&logNo=20187355493

http://news.sbs.co.kr/section_news/news_read.jsp?news_id=N1001903547